Impact of Early Recognition and Treatment Protocols for Sepsis in Emergency and Urgent Care Services

Abstract

Introduction: Sepsis is a severe clinical syndrome and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in emergency services. Defined as organ dysfunction resulting from a dysregulated response to infection, it can rapidly progress to septic shock and death, making early recognition and treatment essential. The WHO estimates that sepsis affects around 49 million people annually, resulting in 11 million deaths. Early identification is challenging but crucial for improving outcomes. Objective: This study evaluates the impact of implementing protocols for early recognition and treatment of sepsis in emergency services, focusing on reducing mortality, shortening hospital stays, and improving clinical outcomes. Methodology: An integrative literature review was conducted, analyzing studies from 2016 to 2024. Results and Discussion: The findings highlight the importance of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) guidelines, which have shown benefits in reducing mortality. However, challenges such as lack of training and resources, as well as variability in adherence, compromise their effectiveness. The study also points to the need for greater education among healthcare professionals and the adaptation of protocols to local contexts. Conclusion: The effective implementation of these protocols, combined with ongoing training and multidisciplinary communication, is crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing sepsis-related mortality.