Complicações Associadas a Terceiros Molares Impactados

Abstract

The study aims to critically analyze the main clinical complications related to the presence and surgical removal of third molars, also known as wisdom teeth, through a narrative review of contemporary scientific literature. The purpose of the study is to provide support for dental clinical practice, focusing on the prevention, diagnosis, and proper management of these complications. The methodology adopted was qualitative, exploratory, and based on a narrative review of scientific articles published between 2019 and 2024, selected from databases such as PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and the CAPES Portal, using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results revealed that the most frequent complications include dry socket, inferior alveolar nerve paresthesia, local infections, and mandibular fractures, which are exacerbated by factors such as the patient's age, bone density, and failures in surgical planning. The study's conclusion highlights the importance of using technologies such as cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), the adoption of alternative techniques like coronectomy, and the use of adjuvant therapies such as PRF and laser therapy, emphasizing that the management of impacted third molars requires technical knowledge, individualized planning, and evidence-based practices to ensure safe, effective, and ethical dental care.